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@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ As you will see later in the tutorial, Qdrant supports multivectors and thus lat
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With token-level vectors, models like ColBERT can match specific query tokens to the most relevant parts of a document, enabling high-accuracy retrieval through Late Interaction.
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With token-level vectors, models like ColBERT can match specific query tokens to the most relevant parts of a document, enabling high-accuracy retrieval through Late Interaction.
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In late interaction, each document is converted into multiple token-level vectors instead of a single vector. The query is also tokenized and embedded into various vectors. Then, the query and document vectors are matched using a different similarity function: MaxSim.
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In late interaction, each document is converted into multiple token-level vectors instead of a single vector. The query is also tokenized and embedded into various vectors. Then, the query and document vectors are matched using a similarity function: MaxSim. You can see how it is calculated [here](https://qdrant.tech/documentation/concepts/vectors/#multivectors).
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In traditional retrieval, the query and document are converted into single embeddings, after which similarity is computed. This is an early interaction because the information is compressed before retrieval.
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In traditional retrieval, the query and document are converted into single embeddings, after which similarity is computed. This is an early interaction because the information is compressed before retrieval.
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@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Let's demonstrate how to effectively use multivectors using [FastEmbed](https://
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Install FastEmbed and Qdrant:
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Install FastEmbed and Qdrant:
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```bash
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```bash
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pip install fastembed qdrant-client
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pip install qdrant-client[fastembed]>=1.14.2
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```
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```
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## Step-by-Step: ColBERT + Qdrant Setup
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## Step-by-Step: ColBERT + Qdrant Setup
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@@ -165,19 +165,18 @@ results = client.query_points(
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prefetch=models.Prefetch(
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prefetch=models.Prefetch(
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query=dense_query_vector,
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query=dense_query_vector,
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using="dense",
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using="dense",
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limit=100
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),
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),
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query=colbert_query_vector,
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query=colbert_query_vector,
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using="colbert",
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using="colbert",
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limit=10,
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limit=3,
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with_payload=True
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with_payload=True
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)
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)
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```
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```
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- The dense vector retrieves the top 100 candidates quickly.
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- The dense vector retrieves the top candidates quickly.
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- The Colbert multivector reranks them using token-level `MaxSim` with fine-grained precision.
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- The Colbert multivector reranks them using token-level `MaxSim` with fine-grained precision.
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- Returns the top 10 results.
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- Returns the top 3 results.
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## Conclusion
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## Conclusion
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Multivector search is one of the most powerful features of a vector database when used correctly. With this functionality in Qdrant, you can:
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Multivector search is one of the most powerful features of a vector database when used correctly. With this functionality in Qdrant, you can:
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